DRYING'91

edited by A.S. Mujumdar
I. Filkova

ELSEVIER, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo 1991
PREFACE v
Section I
KEYNOTE LECTURES
Heat and Mass Transfer in Polymer and Gel Drying
M.A. Roques 		1
Physical Structure and Quality of Dehydrated Foods
M. Karel 		26
Selected Aspects of Drying of Biotechnological Products
C. Strumillo, A.S. Markowski and J. Adamiec 		36
Impact of Spray Dryer Design on Powder Properties
K. Masters 		56
Spray Drying of Non-Newtonian Liquids
I. Filkova 		74
Section II
DRYING THEORY AND MODELLING
Saturation Dependent Effective D'Arcy Permeabilities in 3-D Random Irregular Voronoi Networks
N.A. Vrettos, H. Imakoma and M. Okazaki 		84
The Role of Species Momentum Equation in the Drying Processes
S. Whitaker 		97
Drying of Highly Shrinking Products: Application to Gels
W. Jomaa, W. Aregba, J.R. Puiggali and M. Quintard 		110
Modelling of Drum-Drying
J. Vasseur, F. Abchir and G. Trystram 		121
Material Model for Fluidised Bed Drying
K.A. McKenzie and R.E. Bahu 		130
Modelling of Impregnating, Drying and Thermal Treating of Fibrous Materials
V.I. Konovalov, A.G. Dvoinin, V.N. Zatona and E.N. Tugolukov 		142
Simulation of Drying-Grinding Process for Dispersed Materials
S. V. Fedosov 		154
Section III
DRYING KINETICS STUDIES
Studies of the Drying Process by NMR Imaging
J.E. Maneval, M.J. McCarthy and S. Whitaker 		170
Drying Curves - A General Process for their Representation
A. Lebert and J.-J. Bimbenet 		181
Application of Drying Kinetics Investigation to the Determination of Average Heat Transfer Coefficient in Biosynthesis Materials
E. Mitura, W. Kamiñski and S. Michalowski 		191
Drying Kinetics of Particles from Thin Layer Drying Experiments
T.A.G. Langrish, R.E. Bahu and D. Reay 		196
Studies of Air Drying by a Two-Component Solid Desiccant Material in a Rotary Packed Bed Dehumidifier
I. Borde, E. Korin and R Eliasy 		207
Section IV
DRYING OF PARTICULATE MATERIALS
Modelling Vertical Pneumatic Conveying Dryers
I.C. Kemp, RE. Bahu and D.E. Oakley 		217
'Analysis and Simulation of a Rotary Dryer. The Effect of Flight and Gas Mixing
G. Riquelme and R Benavides 		228
Freeze-Drying under Vacuum and in an Adsorbing Fluidized Bed: Influence of Operating Pressure on Drying Kinetics
E. Wolff and N. Gibert 		237
Numerical Simulation of Fluidized Bed Drying Processes
M.B. Stakic and D.Z. Milojevic 		247
Experimental Determination of Transport Coefficients in Two-Component Fluid Bed Driers
G. Donsi and G. Ferrari 		258
Convection Drying of Particle Swarms with Real Particle Distributions
H. Roth, E.-G. Hencke and K Geier 		270
Drying in Cyclones - An Experimental Study
M. Aparecida Silva and S. Azucena Nebra 		281
Infrared/Conductive Drying and Thawing of Minerals and Granular Materials
N. Bedard 		292
Section V
DRYING SUSPENSIONS AND PASTES
Spray/Gas Mixing Behaviour Within Spray Dryers
D.E. Oakley and R.E. Bahu 		303
The Air-Pumping Behaviour of Rotary Atomizers
R B. Keey, S.S Enevoldsen and C. Werner 		314
Two Stage Drying of Synthetic Detergents
G.J. Kaminsky 		325
Study of Drying Process on Inert Particles in a Mechanically Spouted Bed Drier
T. Szentmarjay, A. Szalay, E. Pallai and Z. Ormos 		334
Fluid-Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of Spout-Fluid Drier with a Draft Tube
D.S. Povrenovic, Z.B. Grabvcic, Dz.E. Hadzismajlovic, D.V. Vukovic and N. Littman 		343
Kinetics of Drying in Drum-Drying
J. Vasseur, R Kabbert and A. Lebert 		352
Section V
DRYING OF FOODSTUFF
A Compartment Model to Describe Drying Curves of Foodstuffs under Variable Conditions
J.C. Laguerre, A. Lebert, G. Trystram and J.-J. Bimbenet 		361
Evaluation of Selected Mathematical Models for Grain Drying
M. Parti 		369
Optimisation of the Impulse Method of Thermal Properties Determination in Agricultural Products
H. Lis, T. Lis and J. Senyk 		379
Heat and Mass Transfer in Bread during Baking in an Electric Oven
M. Hasatani, N. Arai, H. Katsuyama, H. Harui, Y. Itaya, N. Fushida and N. Tatsukawa 		385
Near-Optimum Heating Profiles in Freeze-Drying in Accordance to the Transport Parameters and Product Nature
J.I. Lombrana, R Mijangos, F. Varona and M.C. Villaran 		394
A Mathematical Modelling of Heat Transfer in Freeze Drying
J. Nastaj 		405
Section VII
DRYING GRAINS, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Through-Circulation Microwave Drying of Corn
U.S. Shivhare, G.S.V Raghavan, T. Kudra, A.S. Mujumdar and F.R. van de Voort 		414
Investigations into Moisture Transport Parameters in Wheat Grain using D2O as Labelled Water
B. Aramowicz, B. Adamczyk and A. Musur 		423
Drying Lucerne in a Thick Layer
J. Jilek 		435
Air Flow in a Corn Drier
L Sun, G. Arnaud and J.-P. Fohr 		447
Drying Kinetics of a Majorcan Seedless Grape Variety
A. Berna, C. Rossello, J. Canellas and A. Mulet 		455
Simulation of Cyanoglucosidic Compounds Elimination in Cassava during Drying
J.A. Monroy-Rivera, A. Lebert, C. Marty, J. Muchnik and J.-J. Bimbenet 		463
Air Drying of Fruit: Effects of Different Pre-Treatments on Drying Rate and Product Quality
D. Barbanti, D. Mastrocola, G. Pinnavaia, C. Severini and M. Dalla Rosa 		471
Simultaneous Puffing and Dehydration of Osmotically Pre-treated Apple Cubes in a High Temperature Fluidized Bed (HTFB) Drier
D. Torreggiani and R.T. Toledo 		483
Effect of Saccharose on Water Sorption and Rehydration of Dried Carrot
A. Lenart 		489
A New Drying Method of Fruits and Vegetables - Quality Improvement of the Final Product
E. Kompany, K. Allaf, J.M. Bouvier, P. Guigon and A. Maureaux 		499
Section VIII
DRYING OF WOOD
The Drying of a Wood Plank below Boiling Point. Influence of Internal Gaseous Pressure in 1D and 2D
N. Ouelhazi, G. Arnaud and J.-P. Fohr 		507
Air Permeability Coefficients of Birch, Pine, Spruce and Birch Plywood
H. Koponen 		518
Solvent Drying of Wood - Some Results
J.G. Salin 		529
The Optimization of Humidity Conditions in Timber Drying Kilns Using Heat Pump Dehumidifiers
M. Tamasy-Bano 		535
Control Engineering Contribution to the Lumber Drying Process Modeling and Control
M. Cicel und D. Laco 		546
Section IX
ENERGY ASPECT IN DRYING
Energy Considerations in Dryer Design
R.E. Bahu 		553
Utilization of Flue Gases in Raw Sugar Factories for Bagasse Drying
D.R. McGaw and A.C. Pilgrim 		558
Analysis of Paper Dryers Heat Consumption
A. Strawinski 		567
A New Quality of Computer Simulation Models Describing Technological Drying Processes
U. Heye, R Löser, M. Melzer and U. Schirmer 		579
Section X
MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS
Convective Dryer Design According to Material Properties
B. Cermak 		591
The Effect of Ammonia on the Drying Rate and on the Nutritive Value of Alfalfa
J. Stencl and P. Dolezal 		603
Unusual Drying Rate Curves
E.-U. Schlünder 		615
Preliminary Study on Silkworm Cocoons Drying
S.-R Chen, J.-Y. Chen and A.S. Mujumdar 		620

CONTRIBUTORS INDEX 		629

SUBJECT INDEX 		631